University of Central Florida (UCF) MCB2004C Microbiology for Health Professionals Practice Exam 4

Increased indole production by intestinal microbes is indeed associated with the production of anti-inflammatory products, making this choice correct. Indole is a compound generated from the metabolism of the amino acid tryptophan by gut bacteria, particularly those belonging to the genera Bacteroides and Lactobacillus.

The formation of indole and its derivatives promotes the production of molecules that can mediate anti-inflammatory responses. This is significant in maintaining gut homeostasis and balancing the immune system's response to various stimuli. Indole also supports the integrity of the epithelial barrier, which can help mitigate excessive inflammation and promote a healthy gut environment.

Increased indole production and its anti-inflammatory effects can play a role in maintaining a balanced microbiome and may prevent conditions associated with chronic inflammation.

Other scenarios like decreased immune response, lower microbiota diversity, or heightened pathogenic resistance do not directly correlate with the benefits provided by increased indole production. While a balanced immune response is important, indole primarily empowers anti-inflammatory pathways, highlighting its role in promoting health rather than merely suppressing immune functions or affecting diversity.