How does breastfeeding benefit infant health according to the text?

Breastfeeding plays a crucial role in protecting infants against intestinal pathogens due to several factors intrinsic to breast milk. Breast milk contains antibodies, particularly immunoglobulin A (IgA), which help to form a protective layer in the gastrointestinal tract. This layer acts as a barrier against pathogens, preventing them from adhering to the intestinal lining and causing infections. Additionally, breast milk includes various bioactive compounds, such as lactoferrin and lysozyme, which possess antimicrobial properties that can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and viruses.

Furthermore, the composition of breast milk adapts to meet the evolving needs of the growing infant, enhancing their immune response. The presence of beneficial bacteria, derived from the mother, also supports the development of a healthy gut microbiome, which is essential in defending against infections. This protective aspect of breastfeeding contributes significantly to an infant's overall health and well-being, making it a critical factor in their early development.